English guides on Turkish law for international clients: property, inheritance, family, business, court proceedings, customs and international road transport. Key hubs: CMR and Road Transport Law, Turkish Customs Law, and legal support for clients abroad. The only physical office is in Mersin.
TCC Article 638 guide for foreign shareholders seeking to leave a Turkish limited company for just cause, including court procedure, interim measures and exit payment.
Just-cause dissolution of a Turkish AŞ under TCC Article 531: 10%/5% minority thresholds, oppression, deadlock, real-value buyout, alternative judicial remedies and evidence.
How to challenge a Turkish AŞ general meeting resolution under TCC Articles 445–446: 3-month deadline, standing, dissent, call defects, voting rights, suspension and evidence.
Minority shareholder rights in Turkish joint-stock companies: 10% private-company and 5% public-company thresholds, general meeting call, agenda rights, special audit and just-cause dissolution.
Public debt liability of foreign shareholders and managers in Turkish limited companies: Law No. 6183 Article 35, repeated Article 35, VUK Article 10, share ratio, manager periods and collection procedure.
Liability of foreign managers in Turkish limited companies: duty of care and loyalty, representation, delegation, conflicts, company losses and TCC Articles 626, 644 and 553.
Ultimate beneficial owner reporting in Turkey for foreign-owned companies: >25% ownership, indirect control, senior managing officials, 2026 filing calendar and foreign holding-company documentation.
Turkey branch profit remittance tax under Corporate Tax Law Article 30/6: 15% withholding, after-tax branch profit, head-office transfer, treaty relief and documentation.
Tax when a foreign shareholder sells shares in a Turkish company: AŞ share certificates, Ltd company interests, two-year rule, non-resident individuals and companies, treaty capital-gains provisions and filing.
Branch vs subsidiary in Turkey for foreign companies: legal personality, parent liability, company formation, tax status, profit repatriation, work permits, banking and closure compared.
Opening a bank account in Turkey as a foreigner: MASAK KYC rules, passport and tax number, address, source of funds, remote onboarding, bank discretion and account restrictions.
Thin capitalisation in Turkey under Corporate Tax Law Article 12: the 3x equity rule, foreign shareholder loans, related-party debt, non-deductible interest and deemed dividend consequences.